It is past scheduled and not past deadline 
For things with a deadline in the past you have to replace the :block/scheduled with :block/deadline.
As for the not done part.
Change [?b :block/marker "TODO"] to (not [?b :block/marker "DONE"])
Or alternatively to
[?b :block/marker ?m]
(not [(contains? #{"DONE" "CANCELED"} ?m)])
To also filter out canceled tasks.