How to find all backlinks to a given URL?

I am looking to create something akin to a page for a URL. Normally URL is just a link, sometimes with a title. However, it would be helpful to treat each URL as a page and so to allow the collation of all blocks with backlinks to the given URL. Does anyone have a good way of setting this up?

Would be great if it was also possible to set it up as a web browser integration, so that webpage notes can be accessed (and added to) on the actual webpage.